The safety of the masonry structure is determined by the value of the partial factor used, which is influenced by many factors. The variability of these factors determines obtaining significant differences in the load levels of various masonry structures. Hence, the analysis of masonry structures should be carried out taking into account a sufficient range of variability of factors affecting its safety. The article presents a multi-stage safety analysis of an exemplary brick masonry column. For the construction, the relationship between partial factors used for interactions in different configurations and factors for the masonry compressive strength was examined. The analyses consisted in determining the reliability index beta with the Monte Carlo method. The article presents the results of experimental tests carried out on a real construction, as well as the results of FEM numerical simulations.