Technical and legal aspects of introducing strata ownership in Poland
			
	
 
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				Katedra Geodezji, UNIWERSYTET ROLNICZY IM. HUGONA KOŁŁĄTAJA W KRAKOWIE
Balicka 253c, 30-198 Kraków, Poland
				 
			 
										
				
				
		
		 
			
			
			
			 
			Submission date: 2023-11-26
			 
		 		
		
			
			 
			Final revision date: 2024-02-25
			 
		 		
		
		
			
			 
			Acceptance date: 2024-04-09
			 
		 		
		
		
			
			 
			Publication date: 2025-03-20
			 
		 			
		 
	
							
					    		
    			 
    			
    				    					Corresponding author
    					    				    				
    					Szczepan  Budkowski   
    					Katedra Geodezji, UNIWERSYTET ROLNICZY IM. HUGONA KOŁŁĄTAJA W KRAKOWIE
Balicka 253c, 30-198 Kraków, Balicka 253c, 30-198 Kraków, Kraków, Poland
    				
 
    			
				 
    			 
    		 		
			
							 
		
	 
		
 
 
Archives of Civil Engineering 2025;71(1):489-505
		
 
 
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ABSTRACT
The real estate cadastre is now considered to be the core of the land management system. Cadastral maps should therefore present complete and comprehensive spatial information in order to present the scope of rights and restrictions of their owners and rulers. Research carried out in this area, both in Poland and abroad, shows that the projection of rights on two-dimensional maps cannot take into account complex, overlapping properties, therefore it should be extended to three-dimensional space. The rights of cadastral objects should therefore apply to the space above and below the earth's surface. The concept of multidimensional cadastre registration has been the subject of increased interest in land use management in the last decade. The issue of strata ownership appeared more and more often not only abroad, but also, above all, in Poland. This interest resulted not only in scientific publications, but also in the involvement of the political establishment , manifested in proposals for changes in legislation.A new term has been introduced for the construction of a multi-dimensional, multi-task, relational and synergistic legal system that has integration capabilities with other standards: SMART Cadastre .