The current research on architectural design teaching is in the stage of deep transformation and active exploration. This paper proposes and practices a new teaching mode based on fuzzy decision-making theory to meet the challenges of cultural heritage and innovation in the field of architectural interior art design in the context of globalization. A teaching system integrating cultural heritage and innovation is constructed, aiming at cultivating students to use fuzzy decision-making theory to identify, evaluate and select cultural elements in the design process, and at the same time, improving comprehensive judgment and innovation ability. The experimental study shows that the students in the experimental group taught with fuzzy decision-making theory have significantly improved their cultural cognitive understanding, design decision-making ability and innovative thinking, and successfully applied fuzzy decision-making theory to quantitatively evaluate the cultural elements in their practical projects, realizing the high quality of their design works in terms of cultural connotation, innovativeness, and practicality and aesthetics.