A prefabricated concrete column-to-column structure connected by high-strength bolts is proposed. To explore the seismic performance and failure form of the structure, the finite element analysis software is used to simulate the low-cycle repeated load test. The hysteretic curve and skeleton curve of the structure are obtained, and the stiffness degradation law, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the structure are quantitatively analyzed to evaluate the seismic performance of the structure. The results show that the ductility coefficient of the structure is basically between 2.19 and 4.97, and the ductility coefficient of most specimens is greater than 3.0, indicating that the structure has good ductility and deformation capacity. The equivalent viscous damping coefficients of the specimens are in the range of 0.21-0.29, indicating that the structure has good energy dissipation capacity. In a certain range, increasing the thickness of the end plate has no significant impact on the energy consumption capacity of the structure. The compressive strength of the concrete in the core area is greatly improved under the constraint of the end plate bolts, and end plate bolt connection can well realize the transmission of force and give full play to the performance of materials.