Longitudinal settlements trough estimation during TBM tunnelling in quaternary deposits
			
	
 
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				Geotechnics, Bridges and Underground Structures, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
				 
			 
										
				
				
			
			These authors had equal contribution to this work
			 
		 		
				
		
		 
			
			
			
			 
			Submission date: 2024-06-30
			 
		 		
		
			
			 
			Final revision date: 2024-09-20
			 
		 		
		
		
			
			 
			Acceptance date: 2024-10-08
			 
		 		
		
		
			
			 
			Publication date: 2025-09-16
			 
		 			
		 
	
							
					    		
    			 
    			
    				    					Corresponding author
    					    				    				
    					Rafał  Kuszyk   
    					Geotechnics, Bridges and Underground Structures, Warsaw University of Technology, Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637, Warsaw, Poland
    				
 
    			
				 
    			 
    		 		
			
												 
		
	 
		
 
 
Archives of Civil Engineering 2025;71(3):459-469
		
 
 
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ABSTRACT
The article presents the spatial issue of the subsidence basin above tunnels drilled with a mechanized shield of the EBP TBM type. This issue is most often modeled in selected 2D cross-sections and spatially interpolated for the entire tunnel section along and across. The authors attempt a broader spatial analysis of monitoring data for a selected test section of a railway tunnel bored with a large-diameter disc in Quaternary soil with a relatively small overburden of soil of approximately 1 D. The analysis presents transverse subsidence basins in selected monitoring sections and a longitudinal basin above the tunnel axis. The results were analyzed as the percentage of settlements depending on the place of their origin - the front of the TBM, the shield length and the tail zone. Detailed values of subsidence and their percentage share in the total subsidence, as well as the time after which individual displacements occurred, are provided. Representative results were obtained for consolidated Quaternary soils, both cohesive and non-cohesive.