Under eccentric load, a single column pier bridge often overturns. In order to study the anti overturning performance of a single column pier bridge, taking the accident bridge in Wuxi as an example, a finite element model is established based on ABAQUS. According to the model simulation results, the relationship between the ultimate rotational load and overturning load of the accident bridge is obtained, and the ratio of the latter to the former is 1.75. Based on the model, the stress state, displacement state, and support state of the accident bridge under dead load, highway class I vehicle load, and accident vehicle load are obtained. Whether the strength and stability of the accident bridge under each load meet the service requirements is analyzed. In order to explore the differences among China, United States, and Japan specifications, the lateral stability of accident bridges is checked. It is found that the safety of the United States and Japan specifications is conservative, but the utilization rate of bridge traffic capacity is low. The safety of China specifications is slightly lower, but it can maximize the bridge’s traffic capacity and judge the ultimate overturning state of the bridge more accurately. The research results can provide technical references for the design and application of a single-column pier bridge.